The process of screening mammography increases the detection accuracy of the non-palpable breast lesions, which require image-guided localization before undergoing surgery. Accurate preoperative localization is very much vital for successful surgical outcomes. Wire-guided localization or WGL is currently the most widely used method of localization method for non-palpable breast lesions. However, this technique consists a number of disadvantages, including possible wire transection and migration, patient discomfort, suboptimal surgical incision placement because of wire location & some very limited scheduling flexibility, thereby reducing the operating room efficiency. Hence, some of the most promising new techniques like non-radioactive radar localization, radioactive seed localization, & magnetic seed localization have been developed as a form of alternative. In the year 2020, the monetary amount of the Breast Lesion Localization Methods Market summed up around $851.07 million & it is predicted to reach a value of around USD 2.35 billion by 2028, with a CAGR of 13.57%.
WIRE-GUIDED LOCALIZATION METHOD (WGL)
Wire localization is regarded as a procedure that effectively uses a mammogram technique or ultrasound to locate and identification of breast lesions. By using the mammogram as a guide, the radiologist accurately locates the infected area. It is indeed a good tool for marking of impalpable & small lesions.
The wire-guided localization (WGL) is the most widely used method for the localization of non-palpable breast cancers. The limitations of WGL include discomfort of the patients, potential need to perform the method of localization and the day of surgery by the creation of logistic challenges which the overall limit operating room (OR) efficacy, possible wire migration & transection, lack of a point of source for the reorientation process during surgery & suboptimal cosmetic outcomes.
Non Palpable Breast Cancer treatment using WGL (Wire-Guided Localization)
Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is regarded as the gold-standard treatment in the case of early breast cancer. The Ultrasound-guided stereotactic biopsy or percutaneous biopsy of a breast lesion allows the preoperative histological diagnosis. Different techniques have been proposed for the identification of non-palpable breast tumours, but the most popular method that is used widely across the globe is the wire-guided localization (WGL) technique.
The number of patients suffering from the non-palpable lesions of the breast has gradually increased. This is because of the early detection of these lesions with the help of screening programs & in the technological development of imaging techniques [like breast ultrasound, breast tomosynthesis, X-ray mammography, and breast MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).
CONCLUSION
Nevertheless, the WGL or wire-guided localization technique represents the method that is mostly preferred by surgeons. This procedure can be easily be performed with the help of ultrasound or mammography guidance & provides some of the most real-time control of the wire-needle position, thus allowing to identify the lesion accurately. Most frequently, this technique inculcates the introduction of the ultrasound-assisted introduction of the guide wires. The mammography-assisted procedure is performed widely in the cases of breast micro calcification. However, the MRI-assisted WGL is performed in only some exceptional cases due to the higher price of this method. An ideal intraoperative method for the adequate location of non-palpable breast lesions should allow the surgeon to perform a complete single surgical session excision, thereby avoiding the excessive removal of the normal glandular tissue & without compromising any sort of cosmetic results.